儘管如此,他們對中國和平發展戰略所作的可貴探析,在某種程度上有助於當今美國政府理性制定對華政策並推動中美關係繼續向前發展,對當今中國學者也有一定的參考價值。
注釋:
[1] 當中國2005年開始用“和平發展”取代“和平崛起”後,美國研究者看法不一,或將兩者當作同一概念,或認為兩者有些差異。本文只就美國部分研究者關於中國“和平發展”外交戰略的研究作些述評。
[2] 在看待中國“和平發展”戰略問題上,美國研究者有分歧,大致可分三類。第一類認為,中國實現此戰略具有可能性,對世界和平與發展有積極意義。第二類認為,中國不可能“和平發展”,中國“發展”將給美國和世界帶來“威脅”。第三類持觀望或中立態度。本文基本上就第一類研究者關於中國該戰略的研究簡單作些梳理。
[3] Evan S.Medeiros,Chinas International Behavior:Activism,Opportunism,and Diversification,Santa Monica,California:Rand Corporation,2009,p.44、p.48.
[4] Evelyn Goh and Sheldon W.Simon,“Introduction”,in Evelyn Goh and Sheldon W.Simon,eds.,China,the United States,and Southeast Asia:Contending Perspectives on Politics,Security,and Economics,New York and London:Routledge,2008,p.4.
[5][9][10][14][15][17][37] JeanMarc F.Blanchard and Sujian Guo,“Introduction”,in Sujian Guo and JeanMarc F.Blanchard,eds.,“Harmonious World”and Chinas New Foreign Policy,Lanham,Maryland:Lexington Books,2008,pp.8-9,pp.7-8,pp.7-8,pp.5-6,p.6,p.16,p.15.
[6][11][23] Suisheng Zhao,“Chinese Foreign Policy under Hu Jintao:The Struggle between LowProfile Policy and Diplomatic Activism”,in The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 5(2010),October 2010,pp.357-358,p.366,p.359.
[7][12] Suisheng Zhao,ed., ChinaU.S.Relations Transformed:Perspectives and Strategic Interactions,New York:Routledge,2008,pp.24-25,p.8、p.11.
[8] See http://www.voanews.com/chinese/archive/2005-12-22-voa18.cfm
[13] Baogang Guo and Sujian Guo,“Introduction”,in Sujian Guo and Baogang Guo,eds.,Greater China in an Era of Globalization,Lanham,Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield,2010,p.9
[16] Robert Sutter,U.S.Chinese Relations:Perilous Past,Pragmatic Present,Lanham,Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,2010,p.143.
[18] Dennis Hickey and Baogang Guo,eds.,Dancing with the Dragon:Chinas Emergence in the Developing World,Lanham,Maryland:Lexington Book,2010,p.6.
[19][39] See Sujian Guo and Baogang Guo,eds.,Thirty Years of ChinaU.S.Relations:Analytical Approaches and Contemporary Issues, Lanham,Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,2010 ,pp.123-124.
[20] Joseph S.Nye,“USChina Relationship:A Shift in Perceptions of Power”,in Los Angeles Times,April 6,2011.
[21][38] David M.Lampton,The Three Faces of Chinese Power:Might,Money and Minds,Berkeley:University of California Press,2008,p.206,p.273.
[22] John L.Thornton,“Long Time Coming:the Prospects for Democracy in China”,in Foreign Affairs,January/February 2008.
[24] David Shambaugh,“Return to the Middle Kingdom? China and Asia in the Early Twentyfirst Century”,in David Shambaugh,ed.,Power Shift:China and Asias New Dynamics,Berkeley:University of California Press,2005,pp.23-47.
[25][27] Yufan Hao,“Introduction”,in Yufan Hao,C.X.George Wei and Lowell Dittmer,eds.,Challenges to Chinese Foreign Policy:Diplomacy,Globalization,and the Next World Power,Lexington,Kentucky:University Press of Kentucky,2009,p.4,p.13.
[26][30] Quansheng Zhao and Guoli Liu,“China Rising:Theoretical Understanding and Global Response”,in Quansheng Zhao and Guoli Liu,eds.,Managing the China Challenge:Global Perspectives,Abingdon,Oxon and New York:Routledge,2009,pp.10-11,p.6.
[28][31] Harry Harding,“Think Again:China”,in Foreign Policy,March/April 2007,p.32,pp.26-27
[29] Robert G.Sutter,Chinese Foreign Relations:Power and Policy since the Cold War, Lanham,Maryland:Rowman and Littlefield Publishers,2007,p.15、p.2.
[32]“Debating Chinas Future”,in China Security,Vol.4,No.2,Spring 2008,pp.22-23.
[33] Sujian Guo and Baogang Guo,“Introduction”,in Sujian Guo and Baogang Guo,eds.,Thirty Years of ChinaU.S.Relations:Analytical Approaches and Contemporary Issues,Lanham,Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,2010 ,pp.5-6.
[34]《中外學者暢談中國發展與中國機遇》,載於2010年12月24日《人民日報》。
[35] Jing Huang,“The Tibet Issue:an Impasse or Entrapment?”in East Asian Policy,JulySeptember 2009,Vol.1,No.3 ,p.24.
[36] See http://gb.chinareviewnews.com/doc/1000/3/7/0/100037035.html?coluid=25&kindid=337&docid=100037035.
[40] Fareed Zakaria,“Does the Future Belong to China?”in Newsweek,May 9,2005.
[41] Yu Bin,“Chinas Harmonious World:Beyond Cultural Interpretations”,in Journal of Chinese Political Science, Vol.13,No.2,August 2008,p.134.
[42] Dejin Su,“Hu Jintaos U.S.Visit Highlights Chinas Rising Influence”,in Washington Observer Weekly,Issue 174,April 26,2006.
[43] David Shambaugh,“Chinas 60th Birthday:The Road to Prosperity”,in Time,September 28,2009.
(作者單位:暨南大學社會科學部) |